Contents
Emotional disorder is an abnormal emotional response to external stimuli. Emotional disorders are mood swings and disturbances in thinking and acting.
Types of emotional disorders and their symptoms
In children emotional disorders most often they take the form of neurotic reactions. The child begins to react with morbid, excessive anxiety to stress-generating situations, which in themselves do not constitute a real threat. Often times it happens as a result of some traumatic event or psychological trauma. For example, your child may become afraid of the darkness and animals, develop nervous tics and stutter, or may lose his appetite or overeat, especially with sweets and unhealthy snacks. This behavior is designed to drown out fear and anxiety and temporarily raise your mood. The baby may also involuntarily start to wet himself at night. This is especially worrying (and bothersome) for older children.
Child suffering from emotional disorders they can also become fearful, shy and insecure. His motor activity decreases, it is also associated with a decrease in his interest in contacts with a peer group. The child becomes withdrawn – preferring not to act rather than being rejected, ridiculed or punished. Such children carry out their duties very carefully because they are unsure of their abilities and values. They are overly polite, passive, obedient and obliging because they fear rejection and criticism. They are also often seemingly indifferent and reserved in expressing their feelings, both negative and positive, because they are afraid of the reactions of those around them. They prefer to avoid company than to expose themselves to possible unpleasantness.
Child with emotional disorders has no empathy, cannot show feelings, often avoids eye contact. His fear can manifest itself in malice and a negative attitude towards his surroundings. He prefers to reject others himself rather than be rejected.
Another symptom emotional disturbances in children there is hyperactivity and increased motor activity. The child reacts emotionally in a very violent way that is disproportionate to the situation. Often these are negative reactions such as anger or anger. Children of this type emotional disorders they are irritable, impatient, impulsive, get bored quickly, cannot focus on performing an action.
Aggression can also be a symptom emotional disturbances in children (as is the case with adults). In this way, the child reacts to frustration, imitating people who are authority for him (parents, older siblings, colleagues). Aggression can also serve to achieve a specific goal – the child is convinced that this is the best way to achieve goals.
For adults, the most common form emotional disturbances is bipolar disorder. This disorder consists in the occurrence of changing moods – alternating depression (of varying severity) and mania (euphoria, increased energy to act, a sense of omnipotence).
Another kind emotional disturbances in adults there is anxiety neurosis – anxiety is not related to a real threat, but actually reduces the quality of life and is associated with avoiding situations that generate it. Anxiety neurosis is sometimes accompanied by somatic symptoms such as digestive system problems, panic attacks, and heart problems.
Emotional disorders it is often also one of the symptoms of personality disorders. It is then that shaky, unpredictable moods appear, a tendency to outbursts of emotions and unacceptable actions. People of this type are often unaware of their own problems and the nuisance of reactions to them.
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The causes of emotional disorders
The causes of emotional disorders in adults, they are often biological factors, e.g. diseases of the nervous system, brain damage and malformations, and somatic diseases such as abnormalities in the functioning of the endocrine system (e.g. in hypothyroidism), abnormal synaptic conduction of neurotransmitters and hereditary conditions. A common cause emotional disturbances there is also substance abuse in adults.
In the case of emotional disturbances occurring in children, the most common causes are the atmosphere in the family home, problems with peers and learning difficulties. For both children and adults, emotional disorders it is often a reaction to stressful situations and traumatic events.
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Methods of treating emotional disorders
Emotional disorders is treated primarily with the use of psychotherapy, which allows the patient to notice the causes of the disorders and help him understand the dysfunction and change the way he behaves in a stressful or fearful situation. In some cases, for treatment emotional disturbances pharmacotherapy is used – for example, in bipolar disorder, when it is necessary to control alternating episodes of mania and depression.